Uganda 2023 Energy Policy Review INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY The IEA examines the full spectrum of energy issues including oil, gas and coal supply and demand, renewable energy technologies, electricity markets, energy efficiency, access to energy, demand side management and much more. Through its work, the IEA advocates policies that will enhance the reliability, affordability and sustainability of energy in its 31 member countries, 13 association countries and beyond. This publication and any map included herein are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. Source: IEA. International Energy Agency Website: www.iea.org IEA member countries: IEA association countries: Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Japan Korea Lithuania Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Republic of Türkiye United Kingdom United States Argentina Brazil China Egypt India Indonesia Kenya Morocco Senegal Singapore South Africa Thailand Ukraine The European Commission also participates in the work of the IEA As the International Energy Agency (IEA) has opened its doors to emerging and developing economies, in-depth reviews have come to play an increasingly prominent role in our bilateral partnerships. We are very pleased this work now extends to Uganda, the first country in sub-Saharan Africa to participate in a comprehensive assessment of its energy system and policies. The IEA has been actively involved in addressing African energy issues for more than two decades. We began with pioneering work on energy access data in 1999 in our flagship World Energy Outlook, but our efforts have expanded significantly since then, with a focus on the key tools needed to enhance energy access, economic development, affordability, sustainability and energy security. We hope this review provides a strong example for further collaboration in the region. FOREWORD Foreword I congratulate Uganda for the progress it has made over the past two decades in providing access to electricity and expanding generation capacity. It is also impressive that the country’s electricity sector is now almost fully based on renewable sources. The IEA looks forward to continuing to partner with Uganda as it builds on progress in reforming its electricity sector and works towards achieving universal energy access. Much of this work will be facilitated by the newly launched Energy Policy for Uganda, a major contribution to the country’s ambitious energy agenda. Notably, Uganda already has in place much of the technical expertise, government institutions and policy frameworks to reach its energy goals. It is also a leader in the region on high-quality energy statistics, which are crucial for evidence-based policy making. We commend Uganda for its efforts that have led to improved coverage, quality and timeliness of energy balances and data, and encourage further ambition. For years, the IEA and the government of Uganda have collaborated closely, sharing energy data and knowledge. Ugandan leaders have participated in many important IEA events. This year, as part of its efforts to meet the goals of the Paris Agreement, Uganda’s Ministry of Energy and Mineral Development also decided to draw on the IEA’s expertise to support the development of the country’s Energy Transition Plan. So far, the focus has been on further strengthening Uganda’s modelling, energy data and statistics capacities. This in-depth review – which takes stock of the latest energy trends, assesses Uganda’s energy policies and provides policy recommendations – will help inform the next steps. The aim of this report is to support Uganda as it works to chart its path forward, achieve its goals to eradicate energy poverty, develop its energy resources, promote sustainable, clean energy, and bring prosperity to all Ugandans – as set out by national targets and international agreements. My hope is this in-depth review will guide Uganda in its energy development – and serve as a tool to deepen international partnerships at a moment when more are needed. Dr. Fatih Birol Executive Director 3 IEA. CC BY 4.0. International Energy Agency Electricity.......................................................................................