CARBON CAPTURE, UTILIZATION, AND STORAGE GAME CHANGERS IN ASIA AND THE PACIFIC 2022 COMPENDIUM OF TECHNOLOGIES AND ENABLERS ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK CARBON CAPTURE, UTILIZATION, AND STORAGE GAME CHANGERS IN ASIA AND THE PACIFIC 2022 COMPENDIUM OF TECHNOLOGIES AND ENABLERS ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK  Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO) © 2023 Asian Development Bank 6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City, 1550 Metro Manila, Philippines Tel +63 2 8632 4444; Fax +63 2 8636 2444 www.adb.org Some rights reserved. Published in July 2023. ISBN 978-92-9270-230-4 (print); 978-92-9270-231-1 (electronic); 978-92-9270-232-8 (ebook) Publication Stock No. TCS230251-2 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/TCS230251-2 The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) or its Board of Governors or the governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by ADB in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. By making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area, or by using the term “country” in this publication, ADB does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. This publication is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/. By using the content of this publication, you agree to be bound by the terms of this license. For attribution, translations, adaptations, and permissions, please read the provisions and terms of use at https://www.adb.org/terms-use#openaccess. This CC license does not apply to non-ADB copyright materials in this publication. If the material is attributed to another source, please contact the copyright owner or publisher of that source for permission to reproduce it. ADB cannot be held liable for any claims that arise as a result of your use of the material. Please contact pubsmarketing@adb.org if you have questions or comments with respect to content, or if you wish to obtain copyright permission for your intended use that does not fall within these terms, or for permission to use the ADB logo. Corrigenda to ADB publications may be found at http://www.adb.org/publications/corrigenda. Notes: In this publication, “$” refers to United States dollars, unless otherwise stated. ADB recognizes “Korea” as the Republic of Korea. Cover design by Mike Cortes. Contents Tables, Figures, and Boxes iv Forewordvi Acknowledgmentsvii Abbreviationsviii Overview1 Game-Changing Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies 3 Carbon Dioxide Capture Through Hot Potassium Carbonate Absorption 3 Carbon Dioxide Capture through Cryogenic Cooling 6 Carbon Dioxide Capture through Electro-Swing Adsorption 10 Partial Capture of Carbon Dioxide 13 Game-Changing Carbon Dioxide Utilization Technologies 19 Utilization of Carbon Dioxide Captured from Waste-to-Energy Plants in   Synthetic Natural Gas Production 19 Carbon Dioxide Utilization in Textile Dyeing 25 Carbon Dioxide Utilization in Algae Protein and Oil Production 29 Carbon Dioxide Utilization in Biogenic Construction Materials 31 Carbon Dioxide Storage in Cementitious Materials 38 Game-Changing Carbon Dioxide Storage Technology Turning Carbon Dioxide into Stone Game-Changing Carbon Dioxide Capture, Utilization, and Storage Technology Enabler 41 41 47 Enabling Carbon Dioxide Removals through Collective Purchasing Vehicle 47 Other Asian Development Bank Reports on Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage 50 Tables, Figures, and Boxes Tables 1 2 Comparison between 90% Full-Capture vs. 60% Partial-Capture Design NextGen Carbon Dioxide Removal Project Pipeline 17 48 Figures 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Karbon Technology Hot Potassium Carbonate Carbon Capture Sustainable Energy Solutions Cryogenic Carbon Capture Process Flow Diagram Schematic Diagram of Electro-Swing Adsorption Timeline for the Deployment of Partial Carbon Dioxide Capture Design Paths for Partial Capture Full-Scale vs. Down-Scaled Capture Design Carbon Dioxide Capture Cost Savings from